Abstract
Based on the cross-sectional data of 40 large-scale international airports in China in 2019, this paper introduced natural and social factors into the calculation of airport operating efficiency and constructed a BCC-SFA-BCC-Tobit 4-stage analysis framework. Combining with the connotation of the “green, smart, humane, and safe” airport high-quality development, the paper applied the Tobit model to quantitatively analyze the influencing factors of the operating efficiency of airports, and the research shows that (1) the overall operating efficiency of the study airports is 0.734; in terms of the region, the operating efficiency of airports located in southwest and northwest regions is greatly affected by natural factors, while the operating efficiency of airports located in North China is mostly affected by social factors. (2) Under the perspective of human-earth relationship, the impact of natural factors on the operating efficiency of airports is greater than that of social factors, wherein PM2.5 and relative humidity have negative impact, while the actual foreign capital utilization of the city and domestic and foreign tourists have positive impact. (3) The regression results of the Tobit model indicate that green, smart, and safe indicators can promote the high-quality development of airports, while the humane indicator restrains the high-quality development of airports.
Highlights
High-quality development is a basic feature of the economic development in the new era, and the development trend of civil aviation industry
Based on the cross-sectional data of 40 major large-scale airports in China in 2019, this paper introduced natural environment and social factors into the calculation of airport operating efficiency, quantitatively analyzed the impact of uncontrollable factors on airport operating efficiency, and constructed an airport high-quality development indicator system based on four airport high-quality development concepts of “green, smart, humane, and safe”; this paper employed Tobit regression to analyze the factors affecting the airport’s high-quality development and drew the following conclusions
(2) For airports located in different regions, the impact of natural environment and social factors varies greatly; among the natural environment factors, PM2.5 and relative humidity have a significant impact on airport operating efficiency, while the impact of temperature and wind scale is not obvious
Summary
High-quality development is a basic feature of the economic development in the new era, and the development trend of civil aviation industry. Under the great pressure of the increasing transportation business demand, sometimes, airports would take simple and straightforward measures to cope with their difficulty such as expanding existing airports or constructing new ones to increase the capacity of the airports; the excessively advanced planning and construction of airports can cause a large number of idle seats, aprons, and other input resources, resulting in waste of resources In this context, scientifically measuring the operating efficiency of the airports in China and evaluating the influencing factors of the high-quality development of Chinese airports are meaningful research works for realizing the sustainable development of airports. E rest of this paper is structured as follows: Section 1 reviews existing literatures on airport operating efficiency; Section 2 gives a brief introduction to the DEA method and the Tobit regression analysis method; Section 3 is about the design of the research, including the selection of variables, the selection of samples, and the explanation of data source; Section 4 measures and calculates the airport operating efficiency and analyzes the factors that can drive the highquality development of airport operating efficiency; Section 5 summarizes this paper and proposes management enlightenment
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