Calcium phosphates of biological importance based coatings deposited on Ti-15Mo alloy modified by laser beam irradiation for dental and orthopedic applications

Abstract

Ti-15Mo alloy samples were irradiated by pulsed Yb:YAG pulsed laser beam under air and atmospheric pressure. Sequentially, calcium phosphate coatings were deposited on the irradiated surfaces by the biomimetic method. The formation of calcium phosphates (CaP) under biological medium and SBF (Synthetic/Simulated Body Fluid) occurs in the presence of Ca2+ and PO43- ions, as well as ions such as: Mg2+, HCO3-, K+ and Na+, which facilitates the mimicking of the biological process. The biomimetic calcium phosphates-based surfaces were submitted to heat treatment conditions at 350 °C and 600 °C. The present study correlates four conditions of fluency (1.91, 3.17, 4.16 and 5.54 J/cm2, respectively) as established have a sufficient energy to promote ablation on the laser beam irradiated surfaces. Likewise, it has been demonstrated the processes of fusion and fast solidification from the laser beam irradiation, under ambient atmosphere, inducing the formation of stoichiometric (TiO2) and non-stoichiometric titanium oxides (TiO, Ti3O, Ti3O5 and Ti6O) with different oxide percentages depending on the fluency applied. Besides that, laser modification has allowed a clean and reproducible process, providing no traces of contamination, an important feature for clinical applications. The morphological and physico-chemical analysis indicated the formation of a multiphase coatings depending on the heat treatment temperature performed to 350 °C (ACP1–2, CDHA, HA phases) and 600 °C (CDHA, HA and β-TCP phases). It is worth noting multiphasic bioceramic systems has been gaining attention for biomedical applications. The laser beam irradiation associated to bioactive coatings of calcium phosphates of biological interest have shown to be promising and economically feasible for use in clinical applications.