Abstract
Calcium fructoborate (CF), a natural sugar-borate ester found in fresh fruits and vegetables, is a source of soluble boron. CF contains three forms of borate (diester, monoester, and boric acid) and all are biologically active, both at the intracellular (as free boric acid) and extracellular level (as fructose-borate diester and monoester). At the cellular and molecular level, CF is superior to the boric acid/borate, exhibiting a complex “protective” effect against inflammatory response. CF is commercially available in the USA as a “nature-identical” complex, an active compound for dietary supplements. It provides effective and safe support against the discomfort and lack of flexibility associated with osteoarticular conditions (arthritis and joint degeneration), and improves Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) and McGill indexes. In addition, orally administered CF is effective in ameliorating symptoms of physiological response to stress, including inflammation of the mucous membranes, discomfort associated with osteoarthritis disorders, and bone loss, and also for supporting cardiovascular health. Clinical studies have exhibited the ability of CF to significantly modulate molecular markers associated with inflammatory mechanisms, mainly on the elevated serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).
Highlights
Calcium fructoborate (CF), a sugar-borate ester (SBE), is the most scientifically studied boron-based dietary supplement, with over a dozen of published studies on its unique chemical and clinical properties [1].SBEs are found in fruits, vegetables, certain nuts, and legumes, and they are naturally absorbed by animal cells [2]
The bis-fructose ester of boric acid has been detected in plants, fruits, seeds, honey, and some foodstuff (Table 1); it is clear that fructoborate ester is a naturally occurring part of the human diet [Scorei et al, unpublished data]
A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study has been designed to determine the effects of CF on levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, interleukin1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and MCP-1 [7]
Summary
George Dan Mogoşanu1 & Andrei Biţă1 & Ludovic Everard Bejenaru1 & Cornelia Bejenaru2 & Octavian Croitoru3 & Gabriela Rău4 & Otilia-Constantina Rogoveanu5 & Dan Nicolae Florescu6 & Johny Neamţu7 & Iulia Daria Scorei8 & Romulus Ion Scorei. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
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