Calcium chloride linked camel milk derived casein nanoparticles for the delivery of sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma cells

Aastha Mittal,Neelam Mahala,Sunil Kumar Dubey,Kowthavarapu Venkata Krishna,Uma S Dubey

doi:10.32604/biocell.2021.015932

Abstract

Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, is limited by its low oral bioavailability. To overcome this drawback, we have developed novel camel milk casein-derived nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. Camel milk casein is not only biocompatible on oral administration but is actually a dietary protein of pharmaceutical relevance. Casein is used because of its amphiphilic nature, self-assembling property, ability to show sustained release, and capability of encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this study, camel milk casein nanoparticles loaded with sorafenib were developed and characterized. Characterization of casein nanoparticles was done by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, scanning light microscopy (SEM), and FTIR. The drug content in nanoparticle and drug-protein binding studies were conducted by UV spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake efficiency studies were performed in HepG2 cell lines. It was observed that the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib loaded camel milk casein nanoparticles was more than free sorafenib in HepG2 cells. This work suggests camel milk casein as a suitable drug delivery molecule for sorafenib. In the future, it may also be used in enhancing the efficacy and specific distribution of other water-insoluble anticancer drugs.

Highlights

Nanotechnology has a very high potential in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cancer (Gmeiner and Ghosh, 2015; Din et al, 2017)
The characteristics properties of nanoparticles (NPs) like small size, customized surface, improved solubility, multi-functionality, and administration through different routes are of utmost importance (Krishna et al, 2019). These features overcome the disadvantages of using conventional chemotherapeutic agents (Singh and Lillard, 2009; Patra et al, 2018; Hejmady et al, 2020)
Later we studied the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of sorafenib loaded casein nanoparticles in the HepG2 cell line

Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology has a very high potential in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cancer (Gmeiner and Ghosh, 2015; Din et al, 2017). The characteristics properties of nanoparticles (NPs) like small size, customized surface, improved solubility, multi-functionality, and administration through different routes are of utmost importance (Krishna et al, 2019) These features overcome the disadvantages of using conventional chemotherapeutic agents (Singh and Lillard, 2009; Patra et al, 2018; Hejmady et al, 2020). Among various kinds of protein NPs, milk whey proteins, alpha-lactalbumin, b-lactoglobulin, caseins, etc., have been investigated for the delivery of drugs, nutraceuticals, and bioactive peptides. These GRAS natural derivatives have characteristics like

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Conclusion