Calcium carbonate-based antibacterial coating for improved biocompatibility in endoprosthetic implants

Abstract

This article addresses a critical challenge in modern endoprosthetics: enhancing the biocompatibility of implanted materials to prevent and manage periprosthetic infec-tions. Current literature identifies periprosthetic infection as a leading cause of revision surgeries, with material incompatibility contributing to postoperative complications and increased mortality rates. To tackle this issue, a specialized coating for implant surfaces based on inorganic calcium carbonate is proposed. This material is selected for its fa-vorable biochemical properties, including a highly developed specific surface area and biocompatibility with human tissues. To enhance antibacterial properties, zinc and the antibiotic vancomycin are incorporated as modifiers. Research efforts have led to the development of a 3D model of an elbow joint endoprosthesis, ensuring reliable fixation within the bone structure. The stress-strain characteristics of the endoprosthesis are examined, determining safety margins for its components. A biocompatible coating com-posed of calcium carbonate is synthesized and modified with antibacterial agents. Imag-es of the coating's microparticles are obtained, and a biochemical analysis is performed using common postoperative pathogens, revealing zones of microorganism suppres-sion. The findings confirm an improved biocompatibility level, demonstrating the effec-tive antibacterial properties of the developed coating, with promising implications for preventing periprosthetic infections.