Abstract
A novel biosorbent, Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel-alginate beads was used for chromium(VI) biosorption from aqueous solutions. Biosorption process was optimized at pH 2.0, biomass concentration 1.0 g/L, contact time 60 min, and temperature 30 oC respectively. Maximum uptake capacity of Cr(VI) was calculated at 28.011 mg/g. It was found that the overall biosorption process was best described by pseudo second-order kinetics with high correlation coefficient values. Intraparticle diffusion model suggested that Cr(VI) biosorption may proceed within multiple steps. Data obtained from the batch studies confirmed well to the Langmuir, Temkin, and Hill-der Boer isotherm models. Scatchard plot analysis further supported the mono-layer biosorption of Cr(VI) ions on Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel-alginate beads as described by Langmuir isotherm model. Numerical values of E obtained from Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model identified the physisorption as predominant mechanism for Cr(VI) biosorption. The negative values of ΔGo confirmed the spontaneous and feasibility nature, whereas positive value of ΔHo showed the endothermic nature of biosorption process. Positive value of ΔSo indicated an increase in the randomness at the solid/solution interface during the biosorption process. The endothermic nature of Cr(VI) biosorption was also described by Temkin isotherm model. The results indicated that Cr(VI) biosorption was not significantly affected by the presence of co-ions at lower concentrations. Desorption of Cr(VI) ions from metal-loaded Eupatorium adenophorum-alginate beads was observed at 92.091% with 0.5 M HNO3 solution in solid to liquid ratio of 1.0 g/L.
Highlights
Chromium is a potentially toxic metal originating from anthropogenic activities such as the mining of chromium ores, iron-steel, electroplating, tanning, printing, dyeing, papermaking, and textile industries, municipal waste landfill, and sewage irrigation, pesticide, herbicides, antibiotics, and fertilizer application [1,2,3,4]
Quality control (QC) samples against the number of samples taken are shown by Fig 2
Relative standard deviation (RSD) is a statistical measurement that describes the spread of data with respect to the mean, and the results are expressed in terms of percentage
Summary
Chromium is a potentially toxic metal originating from anthropogenic activities such as the mining of chromium ores, iron-steel, electroplating, tanning, printing, dyeing, papermaking, and textile industries, municipal waste landfill, and sewage irrigation, pesticide, herbicides, antibiotics, and fertilizer application [1,2,3,4]. Such numerous industries have resulted in a generation of large quantities of liquid effluent loaded with high concentration of chromium. The maximum permissible limit of Cr(VI) ions in drinking water has been proposed at 0.1 mg/L [7]
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