Calceolariaflavida (Calceolariaceae) a new endemic species to central Chile.

Nicolás Lavandero,Ludovica Santilli,Fernanda Pérez

doi:10.3897/phytokeys.185.71755

Abstract

A new species of Calceolariasect.Cheiloncos endemic to central Chile is described. A comparison with the morphologically similar species Calceolariaasperula and Calceolariapetioalaris is made, and a key as well as detailed images to differentiate them is provided. The species is only known from the Natural Sanctuary Cerro El Roble, which is part of the coastal mountain range of central Chile and can be considered as Critically Endangered (CR) under the IUCN categories and criteria.

Highlights

Calceolaria Linnaeus is the largest genus within Calceolariaceae with approx. 250 species distributed from Mexico to Southern Chile and Argentina (Molau 1988; Cosacov et al 2009)
The new species is vegetatively similar to Calceolaria asperula Philippi and to Calceolaria petioalaris Cavanilles, both species endemic to Central Chile, belonging to Calceolaria sect
The flower lips of the new species are rounded in shape, saccate, and the upper lip is narrower and longer than half the length of the lower lip (Fig. 3C–D), while the flower lips of C. petioalaris are squared, flat and almost equal in width, and the upper lip is shorter than the lower lip (Fig. 3E–F)

Summary

Introduction

Calceolaria Linnaeus is the largest genus within Calceolariaceae with approx. 250 species distributed from Mexico to Southern Chile and Argentina (Molau 1988; Cosacov et al 2009). 250 species distributed from Mexico to Southern Chile and Argentina (Molau 1988; Cosacov et al 2009). In Chile, there are 61 currently recognized species of Calceolaria, ten of which are further separated in a total of 30 subspecies (Rodriguez et al 2018). Calceolaria in Chile presents a wide distribution, from the latitudes of Arica y Parinacota region (18°35'S) to Magallanes region (54°50'S), and from the coast to the high elevations of the Andes (0–4300 m). The area of most diversity is central Chile, from the Coquimbo region to the Araucania region (Ehrhart 2000). High levels of endemism in plants are common in the biogeographic area of central Chile which is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot (Myers et al 2000; Arroyo et al 2004)

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