CagE, cagA and cagA 3′ region polymorphism of Helicobacter pylori and their association with the intra-gastric diseases in Moroccan population

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important etiological factor in gastroduodenal diseases development. Its evolution is influenced by several factors, including bacterial virulence genes such as cagA and cagE. This work aimed to evaluate the predictive value of cagE alone and in combination with cagA and CagA-EPIYA-C motifs number as a marker of the infection evolution. A total of 823 H. pylori DNA extracted from biopsies of consenting patients suffering from gastritis, peptic ulcer, or gastric cancer. The cagE, cagA status and cagA 3' region polymorphism were determined by PCR. The analysis shows that the risk of duodenal ulcer is 1.97-fold higher (CI = 1.18-3.30) in patients infected by strains cagA+/cagE+. And the risk of gastric cancer is 5.19-fold higher (CI = 1.18-22.70) in patients harboring strains cagE+/2EPIYA-C. The results suggest that cagE in combination with cagA-EPIYA-C motifs number can be used as predictive biomarker of H. pylori infection evolution.