Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastro-duodenal diseases. Genes related to pathogenicity have been described for H. pylori and some of them appear to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes of the infection. The present study investigates the role of cagE as a pathogenicity biomarker of H. pylori compare it to cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genes and correlate with endoscopic diagnoses. Were collected biopsy samples of 144 dyspeptic patients at the Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After collection, the samples were sent for histological examination, DNA extraction and detection of all putative pathogenicity genes by PCR. Of the 144 patients undergoing endoscopy, 57 (39.6%) presented H. pylori by histological examination and PCR by detection of the ureA gene. Based on the endoscopic diagnoses, 45.6% (26/57) of the patients had erosive gastritis, while 54.4% (31/57) had enanthematous gastritis. The genes cagA, cagE, vacAs1/m1, vacAs1/m2 and iceA1 were related to erosive gastritis, while the genes vacAs2/m2, iceA2 and babA2 were associated to enanthematous gastritis. We found a statistically significant association between the presence of cagE and the endoscopic diagnosis. However, we detect no statistically significant association between the endoscopic diagnosis and the presence of cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2, although a biological association has been suggested. Conclusions Thus, cagE could be a risk biomarker for gastric lesions and may contribute to a better evaluation of the H. pylori pathogenic potential and to the prognosis of infection evolution in the gastric mucosa.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastro-duodenal diseases
We hypothesized that the clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection were influenced by the distribution of the abovementioned pathogenic factors; this study aimed at investigating the role of cagE as a pathogenicity biomarker of H. pylori-positive patients, compare it to cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genes and correlate these findings with endoscopic diagnoses
The presence of H. pylori infection in the subjects was determined by histological examination and detection of the ureA gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Summary
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastro-duodenal diseases. Genes related to pathogenicity have been described for H. pylori and some of them appear to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes of the infection. The present study investigates the role of cagE as a pathogenicity biomarker of H. pylori compare it to cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genes and correlate with endoscopic diagnoses. We detect no statistically significant association between the endoscopic diagnosis and the presence of cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2, a biological association has been suggested. Factors related to the genetic polymorphism of the host, the diversity of bacterial pathogenicity and the environment seem to be related to the broad clinical spectrum related to infection by H. pylori[3] Several putative genes, such as cagA, cagE, vacA, iceA and babA2, have been identified and are likely to play an important role in the pathogenicity of the bacterium[4,5,6,7,8]. The vacAs1/m1 genotype is considered to be associated with more severe pathologies[14]
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