Abstract
Marshall and Warren had discovered helicobacter pylori in 1982 and known as the main pathogen caused infection on human’s stomach. Helicobacter pylori is a bacillus spiral and gram negative bacteria which is motile as it has almost six flagella on one side of its body (unipolar). There are strain type I, intermediate and type II. Strain type I has cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (vacA) while strain type II has vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (vacA). Because of cag pathogenicity island (PAI), strain type I has the tendency to cause the infection become more malignant. This study was conducted by using descriptive purposeful sampling method on patients in endoscopy department of internal medicine in the division of hepatology gastroentero Dr. Soetomo starting from October 20 until November 25, 2015. The aim of this study is to determine whether the stool sample shows cagA gene and or vacA gene. The data was proceed by observation through the results of PCR assays to look at the genes that are expressed by Helicobacter pylori. DNA was extracted from stool by using QIAamp (Qiagen) stool kit. Results of the study show only one patient positive for vacA gene while cagA gene is none from ten patients. DNA examinations with different concentrations and temperatures also show the same results. One sample from the stool specimen shows positive for strain type II, indicates it only has vacA gene. PCR examination through gastric biopsy is known has higher specificity.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of infectious disease bacteria agents which play role in a variety form of peptic ulcer disease
Results of the study showed only one patient was positive for vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (vacA) gene while cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) gene was found in none of those ten patients
In polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination of extracted gene from patients’faecal specimen, cagA gene expression which was type I strain of H. pylori was not found
Summary
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of infectious disease bacteria agents which play role in a variety form of peptic ulcer disease. In patients with lesion in their stomach, H. pylori type I strain infection was frequently found.[4] Several forms of disease which can appear from H. pylori infection, such as gastric ulcer, acute erosive gastritis, chronic erosive gastritis, duodenal ulcer until the presence of gastric cancer.[1] This infection can be con¿rmed through gastric and duodenal biopsy. The presence of urease activity can support the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. $mo[icillin, metronidazole, and omeprazole are drugs commonly used due to its e[pected ef¿cacy.[5] it is often reported that reactivation occurs due to therapy which does not eradicate H. pylori; the recurrence rate from this peptic acid disease is quite high.[1]. The bene¿t of this study is to understand the strains of H. pylori in order to prevent misdiagnosis and recurrent infection
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