Abstract
It has recently been claimed that the beneficial effects of caffeine on performance might represent deleterious effects of caffeine deprivation rather than an actual net benefit due to caffeine use. This view was tested here by examining the effects of two doses of caffeine (1.5 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg) and then the effects of caffeine withdrawal. The results showed that administration of caffeine improved performance, whereas there was no evidence of impairment when subjects were deprived of caffeine. It has been argued that subjects should be deprived of caffeine for about a week to remove negative 162effects of deprivation before studies of the acute effects of caffeine are carried out. This was done here, and beneficial effects of caffeine were still observed. These results support the view that caffeine consumption leads to beneficial effects on performance, whereas caffeine withdrawal produces no impairments.
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