Caesarian Vs Vaginal Delivery: From A Human Microbiota Perspective

Abstract

The route of the birth delivery influences new born’s health. Children born via Cesarean section are at increased risk of developing asthma, systemic connective tissue disorders, juvenile arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, immune deficiencies and leukemia. Part of these diseases is believed to be related to maturation of neonatal immune system. During vaginal delivery, the contact with the maternal vaginal and intestinal flora is an important source for the start of the infant's colonisation. During Caesarean delivery, this direct contact is absent, and non-maternally derived environmental bacteria plays an important role for infant’s gastro-intestinal colonisation. The primary function of microbial colonisation during the foetal period, intrapartum and after the birth is crucial in maturation and development of new-born immune system. This review supports the choice of the route of birth delivery and consequently favours a decrease in unnecessary Cesarean sections. It is crucial to provide this information to pregnant women and/or couples and health workers to make informed and educated decisions.