Caerin1.1 Suppresses the Growth of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro via Direct Binding to the Virus.

Nan Guo,Zhonghua Li,Shiyi Ye,Pin Chen,Fangzhou Chen,Qigai He,Han Hu,Bingzhou Zhang,Chunmei Wang

doi:10.3390/v10090507

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has re-emerged in recent years and has already caused huge economic losses to the porcine industry all over the world. Therefore, it is urgent for us to find out efficient ways to prevent and control this disease. In this study, the antiviral activity of a cationic amphibian antimicrobial peptide Caerin1.1 against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was evaluated by an in vitro system using Vero cells. We found that even at a very low concentration, Caerin1.1 has the ability to destroy the integrity of the virus particles to block the release of the viruses, resulting in a considerable decrease in PEDV infections. In addition, Caerin1.1 showed powerful antiviral activity without interfering with the binding progress between PEDV and the receptor of the cells, therefore, it could be used as a potential antiviral drug or as a microbicide compound for prevention and control of PEDV.

Highlights

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enveloped virus that belongs to the genusAlphacoronavirus of the family Coronaviridae with single-stranded positive-sense RNA [1]
Caerin1.1 has the antiviral activity against the three strains and to this study is to find whether Caerin1.1 has the antiviral activity against the three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains and reveal thethe antiviral mechanism of Caerin1.1
The results showed that Caerin1.1 did not have obvious antiviral effect during viral replication period, but it can control the infection progress by blocking the release of PEDV particles to reduce viral transmission among the adjacent cells

Summary

Introduction

Alphacoronavirus of the family Coronaviridae with single-stranded positive-sense RNA [1]. It is the causative agent of an acute infectious enteric disease known as porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) that is clinically manifested by severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration in the suckling piglets [2]. The classical PED vaccines could not provide appropriate protection against the variant PEDV infection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of the nonspecific immune system of animals to eradicate invaders [6], and the skin secretion of anuran amphibians are rich sources for collecting AMPs [7,8,9]. AMPs have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against microorganisms

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