Cadmium effect on the ovarian structure in earthworm Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa)

Abstract

Cadmium effects on the ovary structure and oocytes were tested in earthworms Dendrobaena veneta exposed to 10 and 50 mg Cd kg−1 in soil after 10 and 20 days of the experiment. In both experimental doses cadmium caused damage to the structure of the ovary but the effects were different in each group. At 10 mg Cd kg−1 concentration in soil, young stages of oocytes and trophocytes were most sensitive to cadmium deleterious effects whereas somatic cells in the ovarian stroma were only slightly affected. Cadmium, at a concentration of 50 mg Cd kg−1 in soil caused most damage in the somatic cells leading to the occurrence of unnaturally swollen elements and desmosomes destruction. At both experimental concentrations cadmium induced degenerative changes in cell nuclei and an increase in number of cell organelles (RER and Golgi complex elements) in the cytoplasm of oocytes and trophocytes. These also proved to be more active. No ultrastructural changes were manifested in oogonia. In both experimental groups degenerative changes occurred as early as after 10 days of Cd exposure.