Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the extent of cadmium (Cd) accumulation with its possible impact on physiological and biochemical basis of heavy metal tolerance in Marsilea minuta Linn. Cd salt (0 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM) was allowed to absorb by the plants for prolong days in hydroponic culture and a significant deterioration of the plant biomass was recorded. However, roots absorbed more metals than the leaves. Plants recorded a significant rise of superoxide (O-2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A noticeable amount of protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation were in proportionate to Cd accumulation. Anthocyanin and flavonoid content were decreased as compared to control condition. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) contributed their antioxidative functions according to the Cd doses. The expression of GR was also evident from its activity staining in gel. So, it may suggest that antioxidative enzymes are up regulated and likely to be responsible for tolerance to Cd induced oxidative stress in Marsilea minuta Linn.
Highlights
Cd, one of the heavy metals that is undoubtedly toxic to plants with different interfaces of physiological activities
Superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) contributed their antioxidative functions according to the Cd doses
It may suggest that antioxidative enzymes are up regulated and likely to be responsible for tolerance to Cd induced oxidative stress in Marsilea minuta Linn
Summary
One of the heavy metals that is undoubtedly toxic to plants with different interfaces of physiological activities. Marsilea (Marsilea minuta Linn.), an aquatic fern species is shown their hyper-accumulation of heavy metals from environment, in contaminated water bodies [12]. The resistance to Cd toxicity in plants is forwarded by either sequestering the metals into the vacuoles and accomplish the antioxidation reactions against Cd induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fern species by nature are over producer of a number of secondary metabolites and happens to be more efficient in antioxidation pathways against heavy metals [13]. In the present study, Marsilea minuta Linn., abundantly grown in lowland or water bodies was taken for consideration Critical analysis of those contaminants included the abundance of some heavy metals like lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As). The present investigation described the changes of ROS in the Cd accumulated tissue which is well marked physiologically by elevated lipid peroxiadtion and protein carbonylation, upregulation of SOD, GPX and GR, decrease in anthocyanin and flavonoid content in marselia plants
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