Abstract
This study investigated the distribution of cadmium (Cd) and the protein level of metallothionein (MT) and examined the relationship of Cd accumulation and the MT concentration in different tissues of freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana following Cd treatment. The mussels were exposed to Cd (4.21, 8.43, 16.86, 33.72 and 67.45 mg L-1) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. After Cd treatment, the gills, mantle, foot, visceral mass and digestive gland tissues were collected for analysis. We found that, in the controls, Cd distributed in all tissues in the concentration order of gills>mantle>foot>visceral mass>digestive gland. Upon Cd treatment, Cd concentration significantly increased in all tissues. The highest Cd accumulation was found in the digestive gland, which was 0.142 mg g-1 (P<0.05). MT levels in the gills and mantle of the mussels increased significantly (P<0.05), which were in positive correlation with Cd accumulation in the tissues (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated a correlation between Cd accumulation and MT up-regulation in gills and mantle of the mussels after Cd treatment. It is suggested that the protein level of MT in gills and mantle of Anodonta woodiana is a good biomarker for Cd contamination.
Highlights
Cadmium (Cd) is a biotoxic element and one of the major metals that are ubiquitously distributed in aquatic systems [1,2,3]
When bivalves Mytilus edulis and Mytilus galloprovincialis are exposed to Cd, a linear relationship between Cd and MT concentrations is observed in the whole soft tissues [36, 37]
Our results showed that Cd increased the MT biosynthesis in the freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana, which may be mediated by the transcription factor of metal transcriptional factor (MTF)-1- or upstream stimulatory factor family (USF)-like protein
Summary
Cadmium (Cd) is a biotoxic element and one of the major metals that are ubiquitously distributed in aquatic systems [1,2,3]. MTs are ubiquitous among mollusc species and play a role in the homeostatic control of essential metals (Cu, Zn) to fulfill enzymatic and metabolic demands [8] They play an important role in the detoxification of non-essential trace metals such as Ag, Cd and Hg, which protects organisms against. The freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana is a common, inexpensive and economically valuable species This species is widely distributed in rivers and lakes in China, and it plays an important functional role in fresh water ecosystems [27]. The present study investigated Cd accumulation and MT protein levels in various tissues of Anodonta woodiana, which include the gills, mantle, foot, digestive gland and visceral mass. The relationship between Cd accumulation and MT levels was examined
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