Abstract
When bubbles penetrate through a liquid-liquid interface, the lower liquid is pulled up in to the upper layer, and droplets are generated in the upper layer. Experiments using water and silicone oil with same viscosity are executed, and generated droplets are classified into three sizes. Each class has its own generation process. Among them, the smallest bubble class is interested, since stays longer time in the upper liquid than others. Its generation process is also interesting. The smallest ones are initially found in the vicinity of bubbles, and sink very slow. When high-voltage electric field is applied between the two liquids, the droplets jump up toward the upper electrode. Behaviors of bubbles and water droplets in oil are observed from sidewall of the vessel using a high resolution and high speed video cameras. Number density of droplets is measured also.
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