Abstract
The C2 pedicle screw is more biomechanically stable and provides patients with increased postoperative range of motion in comparison to other methods of C2 fixation. However, as a result of the proximity of the C2 pedicle to the transverse foramen, there is a considerable risk of intraoperative morbidity due to vertebral artery injury laterally or vertebral canal breach medially. Other than the use of cadavers for the demonstration and practice of C2 pedicle screw placement, there are currently few other readily available teaching aids for the training of residents and fellows. Herein, we describe a simple and cost effective modality for the demonstration, evaluation, and practice of C2 pedicle screw placement in a laboratory setting.
Highlights
Atlantoaxial instability may occur as a result of trauma, tumors, congenital malformations, or inflammatory conditions of the upper cervical spine [1,2]
As a result of the proximity of the C2 pedicle to the transverse foramen, there is a considerable risk of intraoperative morbidity due to vertebral artery injury laterally or vertebral canal breach medially
Fixation techniques for the treatment of atlantoaxial instability have evolved from spinous process wiring techniques first described by Mixter and Osgood in 1910 [3,4], to laminar wiring described by Gallie in 1939 [3, 5] and C12 laminar wiring described by Brooks and Jenkins in 1978
Summary
Olaide Ajayi 1 , Marc Moisi 2 , Jens Chapman 3 , Rod J. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center 2. Neurosurgery, Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, Select Country 3. Orthopedics Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, USA 4. Neurosurgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, USA 5.
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