Abstract
C14ORF166 (chromosome 14 open reading frame 166) is a transcriptional repressor related to the regulation of centrosome architecture. However, the role of C14ORF166 in the development and progression of cancer remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of C14ORF166 in cervical cancer. C14ORF166 expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting in cervical cancer cell lines and eight paired cervical cancer samples and the adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze C14ORF166 protein expression in 148 clinicopathologically characterized cervical cancer specimens. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the expression of C14ORF166 and clinicopathologic features and prognosis. C14ORF166 mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cell lines and tissue samples (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a high expression of C14ORF166 was observed in 39.9 % (59/148) of the cervical cancer specimens; the remaining samples expressed low levels or did not express any detectable C14ORF166. The chi-square test indicated that high-level expression of C14ORF166 was significantly associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (P < 0.001), vital status (P = 0.026), tumor size (P = 0.034), serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen level (SCC-Ag; P = 0.035), and pelvic lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001). Patients with highly expressed C14ORF166 showed a tendency to receive postoperative chemotherapy (P = 0.005) and postoperative radiation (P = 0.008). Furthermore, high C14ORF166 expression was associated with poorer overall survival compared to low C14ORF166 expression, and C14ORF166 was a significant prognostic factor in univariate and multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). High C14ORF166 expression had prognostic value for poor outcome in cervical cancer. C14ORF166 may represent a biomarker of pelvic lymph node metastasis and enable the identification of high-risk patients along with selection of appropriate treatment strategies.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy among females worldwide, with an estimated global incidence of more than 500,000 new cases and 260,000 deaths every year [1]
The statistical analyses of the average mean optical density (MOD) of C14ORF166 staining in normal cervical tissues and cervical cancer specimens at different clinical stages revealed that C14ORF166 expression increased with advancing Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage in cervical cancer (Fig. 3)
We report that the expression of C14ORF166 is upregulated in cervical cancer cells and human surgical specimens
Summary
Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy among females worldwide, with an estimated global incidence of more than 500,000 new cases and 260,000 deaths every year [1]. Cervical cancer is prevalent in developing countries, where it remains a major cause of mortality among females [2]. Genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors are associated with the etiology of cervical cancer. The development of cervical lesions from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to cervical cancer is a complicated process that is initiated by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) [3]. Altered expression of a variety of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes has been associated with cervical cancer [4]. It would be of clinical significance to identify biomarkers of lymph node metastasis or prognostic factors in patients with cervical cancer
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