C-reactive protein level predicts 30-day mortality and bleeding in patients with venous thromboembolism: A prospective single-center study

Abstract

AimsThe association of on-admission CRP and early adverse outcomes in acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been investigated. We hypothesized that increased on-admission CRP levels would correlate with adverse outcomes in patients with acute VTE. MethodIn this prospective observational study, consecutive patients with acute VTE were enrolled and CRP levels were measured within the first 24h after diagnosis. Mortality, bleeding and recurrence were recorded during a 30-day follow-up. Results586 patients were included. Higher CRP levels were found in patients with mortality (7.5 vs 4.0mg/dL; p=0.01) and bleeding (7.8 vs 3.9mg/dL; p=0.03). Multivariable logistic regression showed that CRP levels >5mg/dL were associated with higher mortality (OR 6.25; 95% CI, 2.1–18.6) and bleeding (OR 2.7; CI 95% 1.3–5.7). These results were independent to ESC risk score and simplified PESI score for mortality prediction. The predictive capacity of CRP showed an area under the ROC curve – AUC – of .7 (CI 95% .56–.85) for mortality and .65 (CI 95% .54–.75) for bleeding. The prognostic capacity of the ESC risk score and simplified PESI score was improved after adding the CRP cutoff of 5mg/dL (AUC of .87 CI 95% .79–.95). ConclusionOur findings suggest that on-admission CRP level may be a simple, widely available and valuable biomarker to identify high-risk VTE patients for early mortality and bleeding. CRP ≥5mg/dL was independently associated with 30-day VTE related death and bleeding.