C:N:P stoichiometry of rhizosphere soils differed significantly among overstory trees and understory shrubs in plantations in subtropical China

Abstract

Rhizosphere soil C:N:P stoichiometry is useful for identifying the linkage of plant species and soil nutrients, which can be particularly helpful for understory vegetation management of forest ecosystems. There has been limited research on rhizosphere soil stoichiometry, especially for co-existing overstory and understory plant species. We investigated the bulk and rhizosphere soil C:N:P stoichiometry of dominant overstory trees and understory shrubs (Adinandra millettii, Eurya muricata, and Loropetalum chinense) in Pinus massoniana Lamb., Pinus elliottii Engelm., and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. plantations in subtropical China. Rhizosphere soil C, N, and P concentrations and ratios increased significantly compared with bulk soil, and those of overstory trees were higher than those of understory shrubs with the exception of L. chinense. Rhizosphere soil C:N, C:P, and N:P of L. chinense were not significantly different with those of overstory trees but were higher than those of A. millettii and E. muricata. Soil pH significantly influenced the profiles produced by soil C, N, and P concentrations and their stoichiometries. This study indicated that the difference in nutrient status between overstory trees and understory shrubs was related to shrub species, in which soil pH was the dominant driving factor. Understory shrub species should be considered in plantation management to reduce resource competition among species.