C-60 The Efficacy of Weighted Blankets for Quantity and Quality of Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Abstract Objective A meta-analysis was computed to assess the efficacy of weighted blanket therapy for improving sleep for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Currently, pressure-based therapies are used to reduce ASD-related sensory concerns as well as to facilitate sleep in these patients; however, few studies have substantiated this use. Data Selection A search was conducted on EBSCO Host and Wiley in January 2019, using the terms ASD, weighted blanket, sleep, quality, sensory, anxiety, efficacy, and weighted. Salient selection criteria included: standardized pre- and post–treatment measures, randomized groups, and data that permitted calculations of effect sizes. Exclusion criteria included: bias represented and incomplete data due to participant attrition. The search resulted in 12 studies but following exclusion criteria, six remained. Pertinent data extracted included: sample size, number of nights studied, and pre– and post-measure data. Data Synthesis The results were obtained by first calculating the cumulative effect size for quantity and quality of sleep independently, and then comparing the effect sizes. Additionally, a funnel plot was used to identify any publication bias. Overall, quantity and quality of sleep had a small effect compared to controls. Further, there was a slightly higher effect for improved quantity over quality of sleep. Conclusions The current analysis slightly favors the use of weighted blankets for improved quantity and quality of sleep in those with ASD. A notable consideration is the substantially low number of studies included. Subsequently, the need for additional treatment research is paramount in order to reflect accurate outcomes and hopefully provide relief for patients with ASD.