Cучасна українська історіографія національно-визвольного руху періоду Другої світової війни: рецепції та виклики

Abstract

The key issue of this article lies in the fact that Ukrainian historians in Ukraine and in the diaspora made a significant contribution over the last three decades to study the military, political, ideological and intellectual aspects of the national liberation movements in Ukraine during the Second World War0020and the post-war period. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the key problems regarding the history of the OUN-UPA in Ukrainian historiography. The process of the Ukrainian Resistance Movement, in particular, the activities of the OUN-UPA and the factors, which influenced the relevance of study of Ukrainian problems in the USA, Canada, and France at the various historical stages are also considered. It is noted that a large number of western historical narratives were made by direct participants of events or emigrated party historians. The author considers that the OUN-UPA issue emerged at the final stage of the nationalist movement itself, that is, until the above phenomenon became the history issue. This is confirmed by a large number of opinion journalism on the above issue. It is stated that the renewal of systematic studies of the national liberation movement in Ukraine was caused by socio-political changes in the period when the totalitarian regime came to an end (late 1980s), when the freedom of historical thinking became possible and rethinking of the national historical past in the context of world history began. Democratic processes in Ukraine during Perestroika stimulated great interest of the society in the history of the national liberation struggle, especially the history of the OUN-UPA. Modern historiography of the national liberation movement is characterized by systematic analysis of sources (in particular, new unpublished documentary collections), by study of achievements of contemporary foreign historiography and modern historiographical interpretations of the anti-totalitarian Resistance Movement. The latest achievements (accomplishments, attainments) of the historiography of the national liberation movement include: exposure to ideological and programmatic tasks of the Ukrainian liberation movement of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as study of anti-German and anti-Soviet resistance movement during the Second World War; study the activities of the OUN in the national context in order to attract the population of eastern Ukraine to the national liberation struggle; clarification of the principles of the OUN in foreign policy and the activities of OUN offshore units in organizing an anti-Soviet uprising; analysis of OUN-UPA personnel training; outlining the activities of clandestine propaganda, press organs and centers; study of national identity issue in the OUN program and the unjustified stereotypes regarding the anti-Semitic motives in the ideology and activities of Ukrainian nationalists; The Ukrainian-Polish conflict during the Second World War is treated by modern Ukrainian historiography in a new way. The above confrontation is considered as a continuation of the Ukrainian- Polish war of 1918-1919. The inter-ethnic contradictions between the two nations did not disappear after the war, they only took another forms due to political situation of 1920-1940s. The research of the post-war decade in Ukrainian historiography is presented by works on the essence of Stalinist regime, interpretations of Soviet politics in the industrial and agricultural sectors. The processes of industrialization and collectivization in the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR, new facts and assessments of the national liberation struggle in the western Ukraine are also given much attention in the subject literature.