Büyük Selçuklular Döneminde Horasan'da Tarım ve Hayvancılık

Abstract

The trivet which was based on the important fundamentals of the economy was with trade agriculture and livestock in the Khurasan region as well as the towns of medieval Islam. This reality naturally continued along dominance of the Great Saljuqids Empire in the region. During this period Iktâ system came into force. Ikta refers to both systematic cultivation and management of land that is an indispensable raw material of agriculture in Khurasan. Besides, Great Saljuqids rulers had protected irrigation channels which were built by the administrations before them on behalf of development of agriculture. They also had maintained this irrigation channels and in case of necessary they had opened new irrigation channels. As Saljuqids had attached importance to each type of trade including trading of agricultural and livestock products They had been built signal towers on trade routes and the deserts that are places where there are high probabilities of losing passengers' way in Khurasan. On the other hand, ponds and wells had been built especially on the trade routes passing through desert; mail stations, caravanserais, police stations had been established. Obtained agricultural and livestock products as a result of Activities within the framework of the ongoing positive effects of agriculture and livestock were exported to other regions as they were consumed by local people. Therefore, the region's economy was improving. In addition to offer both these products to the domestic market and foreign markets through export also was providing The viability of large in commercial life. In this study we aim to examine every aspect of agriculture and livestock sector which are located on so important for the economy of Khurasan. In this context, We aim to provide information about the region's climate, landform, forms of land cultivation and watering conditions, agricultural products, livestock status, marketing methods and locations of both the agriculture and animal products. We hope that our work is a useful reference for researchers who are interested in this topic.