Abstract
Between 1979 and 1997, autopsies of 185 yellow-eyed penguins were conducted as part of a long-term study of their population biology. Twenty-one penguins known to have been drowned in gillnets were used to compile a set of physical features and injuries characteristic of death by gillnet entanglement. A further 21 birds whose cause of death was initially unknown showed features consistent with death by gillnet entanglement. Fishers reported a further 30 gillnet entanglements to government agencies. Considering the rarity of this species on the South Island of New Zealand, gillnet entanglement is interpreted to be a significant threat to South Island populations.
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