Abstract
This study was inspired by the famous turn of phrase that came from the Polish statesman Władysław Bartoszewski: “It’s good to be decent” (Warto być przyzwoitym). It is frequently quoted in public discourse and invokes decency as a value that is construed intuitively and is difficult to define. The article presents a diachronic analysis of the lexemes przyzwoity ‘decent’ przyzwoitość ‘decency’, and przyzwoicie ‘decently’ since their oldest records until current usage. These lexemes appeared at the beginning of the Middle Polish period but their axiological load was low at that time. The evolution of their meanings – from axiologically neutral to positive – occurred late (in the second half of the 18th c.) and progressed quickly. Their neutral meanings, which were well-documented as late as in the 18th c., disappeared; the lexemes remained in current usage but as axiologically positive ones. Through an analysis of the early contexts an attempt is made to reconstruct of the original sense of decency and to discover its key sense in contemporary Polish.
Highlights
呗 呰呲呺呥味呴呲呺呥呮呩 呰呵呢呬呩呣呺呮呥呪听 味呺呣呺呥呧哳呬呮呩呥 呷 呤呹味呫呵呲味呩呥 呰呯呬呩呴呹呣呺呮呹呭听 呣呺咦味呴呯 呩 呷 呲哳咻呮呹呣周 呯呫呯呬呩呣呺呮呯咱呣呩呡呣周 呰呲呺呹呷呯咪呵呪呥 味呩咦 呺呤呡呮呩呥 呗咪呡呤呹味咪呡呷呡 呂呡呲呴呯味呺呥呷吭 味呫呩呥呧呯 吕 Warto być przyzwoitym! 呋呯呮呯呴呵呪呥 呯呮呯 味呥呮味 呠przyzwoity 呴呯 呤呯呢呲呹听.
呗 咱呷呩呥呴呬呥 呡呮呡呬呩呺呹 呺呡呰呩味哳呷 呺 呤呯呢呹 咱呲呥呤呮呩呯呰呯呬味呫呩呥呪 呤呯咱咢 呺呡味呫呡呫呵呪咡呣呥 味咡 呤呥吜呮呩呣呪呥 呣呡咪呥呪 呲呯呤呺呩呮呹 呷呹呲呡呺呯呷呥呪 呷 呓咪呯呷呮呩呫呵 呌呩呮呤呥呧呯吺 przyzwoitość 呠呰呲呺呹味呴呯呪吭 呮呯咱咢听 呧呯呤呺呩呷呯咱咢吧听 przyzwoity 呠呰呲呺呹味呴呯呪呮呹听 呰呲呺呹呮呡呬呥咻呹呴呹听 呧呯呤呺呩呷呹吧听 przyzwoita 呠呰呲呺呹味呴呯呩吧听 przyzwoito 呪呥味呴 呠呧呯呤呺呩呷呯听 呮呡呬呥咻呹吧 吨呌吩吮 呐呯呤呡呮呯 呷 呮呩呣周 呷呹咪咡呣呺呮呩呥 呺呮呡呣呺呥呮呩呡 呺 呰呯呺呹呴呹呷呮呹呭 呮呡呣呥呣周呯呷呡呮呩呥呭 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呹呭听 呮呩呥 呷味呰呯呭呮呩呡呮呯 呮呡呷呥呴 呯 呰呯呺呯味呴呡咪呹呣周吮 告呥味呴 呴呯 呴呹呭 呤呺呩呷呮呩呥呪味呺呥听 咻呥 呌呩呮呤呥 呰呯呤呡呪呥 呴呡呫咻呥 呦呯呲呭呹 呤呡呷呮呥 吨吒呷 呰呲呺呹呴呯呣呺呯呮呹呭 呫味呺呴呡咪呣呩呥 呡呬呢呯 呺呮呡呣呺呥呮呩呵 呤呺呩咱 呮呩呥 呵咻呹呷呡呮呥向 呌吩吺 przyswoistość听 przyswoisty听 呫呴哳呲呥 味呵呧呥呲呵呪咡 呺呷呩咡呺呥呫 呺呥 呺呮呡呮呹呭 呷 员呖呉呉 呩 员呖呉呉呉 呷吮 呺呮呡呣呺呥呮呩呥呭 呠呷咪呡咱呣呩呷呹 呫呯呭呵咱听 呣呺呥呭呵咱听 呣周呡呲呡呫呴呥呲呹味呴呹呣呺呮呹 呤呬呡 吮 吮 吮 吧吮 呔呲呺呥呢呡 呤呯呤呡咢听 咻呥 呬呥呫味呥呭呹 呮呩呥 呣呩呥味呺呹咪呹 味呩咦 呣周呹呢呡 呷呹味呯呫咡 呦呲呥呫呷呥呮呣呪咡听 呧呤呹咻 呌呩呮呤呥 呮呩呥
呂呩呯呲咡呣 呰呯呤 呵呷呡呧咦 呣呺呡味 呰呯呷味呴呡呷呡呮呩呡 呓咪呯呷呮呩呫呡 呌呩呮呤呥呧呯 吕 呰呲呺呥咪呯呭 员呖呉呉呉 呩 员呉员 呷吮听 呩 呴呯听 咻呥 呮呩呥 呰呯呤呡呪呥 呯呮 呺呮呡呣呺呥咫 呮呥呵呴呲呡呬呮呹呣周 呷呹呲呡呺呵 przyzwoity 吨呩 呤呥呲呹呷呡呴哳呷吩听 呭呯咻呮呡 呰呲呺呹呰呵味呺呣呺呡咢听 咻呥 呥呷呯呬呵呣呪呡 呩 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呺呡呣呪呡 呺呮呡呣呺呥呮呩呡 呺呡味呺咪呡 呤呯咱咢 味呺呹呢呫呯 吕 呷 吲吮 呰呯咪吮 员呖呉呉呉 呷吮 呗 呴呹呭 呣呺呡味呩呥 呭呵味呩呡咪呯 呺呡呮呩呫呮咡咢 呺呮呡呣呺呥呮呩呥 呮呥呵呴呲呡呬呮呥听 呵呤呯呫呵呭呥呮呴呯呷呡呮呥 呪呥味呺呣呺呥 呷 吱吮 呰呯咪吮 员呖呉呉呉 呷吮 呬呥呰呩呥呪 呮呩咻 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呥听 呣呯 呷呩咡呺呡咪呯 味呩咦 呺 呵呭呯呣呮呩呥呮呩呥呭 呴呥呧呯 呤呲呵呧呩呥呧呯 吕 呬呥呫味呥呭呹 呰呯呺呯吭 味呴呡咪呹 呷 呵咻呹呣呩呵听 呡呬呥 呪呵咻 呪呡呫呯 呷呹呲呡呺呹 呤呯呤呡呴呮呩呯 呮呡呣呥呣周呯呷呡呮呥 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呩呥吮 呗 呰呲呺呹呰呡呤呫呵 呰呯呪咦呣呩呡 przyzwoitość 呷呹呲呡咻呯呮呥呧呯 呬呥呫味呥呭呡呭呩 przyzwoitość听 przyzwoity 呩 przyzwoicie 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呹 呣周呡呲呡呫呴呥呲 呰呲呺呥呺 呣呡咪咡 呤呯呢咦 咱呲呥呤呮呩呯呰呯呬吭 味呫咡 呢呹咪 呭呡咪呯 呷呩呤呯呣呺呮呹听 呷呹呲呡咹呮呩呥 味咪呡呢味呺呹 呯呤 呺呮呡呣呺呥咫 呮呥呵呴呲呡呬呮呹呣周听 呴呹呭呣呺呡味呥呭 呷 吲吮 呰呯咪吮 员呖呉呉呉 呷吮 呷呹呰呡呲咪 呪呥 呣呡咪呫呯呷呩呣呩呥吮 呗呹呤呡呪呥 味呩咦听 咻呥 呮呡呪呩味呴呯呴呮呩呥呪味呺呹 呷呰咪呹呷 呮呡 呵呫味呺呴呡咪呴呯呷呡呮呩呥 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呥 呰呯呪咦呣呩呡 przyzwoitość 呭呩呡咪呡 呺呮呡呮呡 呷 咱呲呥呤吭 呮呩呯呰呯呬味呺呣呺呹咹呮呩呥 呦呯呲呭呵咪呡 przyzwoita jest 呩 呮呡呪呷呣呺呥咱呮呩呥呪 呣周呹呢呡 呮呡呣呥呣周呯呷呡呮呹 呤呯呤呡呴呮呩呯 呰呲呺呹味咪哳呷呥呫 przyzwoicie听 呷 呫呴哳呲呹呭 呫呯呭呰呯呮呥呮呴 呡呫味呪呯呬呯呧呩呣呺呮呹 呺呡吭 呺呮呡呣呺呡咪 味呩咦 呷呹呲呡咹呮呩呥呪 呮呩咻 呷 呰呲呺呹呭呩呯呴呮呩呫呵 呩 呲呺呥呣呺呯呷呮呩呫呵吮
Summary
呗 呰呲呺呥味呴呲呺呥呮呩 呰呵呢呬呩呣呺呮呥呪听 味呺呣呺呥呧哳呬呮呩呥 呷 呤呹味呫呵呲味呩呥 呰呯呬呩呴呹呣呺呮呹呭听 呣呺咦味呴呯 呩 呷 呲哳咻呮呹呣周 呯呫呯呬呩呣呺呮呯咱呣呩呡呣周 呰呲呺呹呷呯咪呵呪呥 味呩咦 呺呤呡呮呩呥 呗咪呡呤呹味咪呡呷呡 呂呡呲呴呯味呺呥呷吭 味呫呩呥呧呯 吕 Warto być przyzwoitym! 呋呯呮呯呴呵呪呥 呯呮呯 味呥呮味 呠przyzwoity 呴呯 呤呯呢呲呹听.
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