Abstract
Recently, industrial and agricultural by-products, resulting from crops, fruit and vegetable processing which can be used in animal diets have become a hot topic in the animal feed industry. This review focuses on the agro-industry by-products as feeds, not only for the nutritional values, but also for their nutricine contribution. In this review, we described the chemical composition of some by-products as feeds and their limiting factors in animal feeding.
Highlights
With the continuously increasing global population, large margin foods are needed and it is estimated that agricultural production should be improved by 70–100% to meet global food demand in the future [1]
Inoculation with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or supplementation with fermentable carbohydrates like molasses, certified to be successful in increasing the availability of the ensiling process. This supplies an additional source of simple sugars for the growth and multiplication of LAB, thereby accelerating the silage acidification and avoiding microbial deterioration, especially when the ensiling biomass has a low concentration of soluble carbohydrates
Fang et al (2016) supplemented apple pomace-mix silage (APMS) to neutered male pigs, and the results demonstrated no difference in average daily gain (ADG), carcass weight, backfat thickness or dressing ration with the control group, but average daily feed intake (ADFI) was lower and feed efficiency was higher when feeding APMS
Summary
With the continuously increasing global population, large margin foods are needed and it is estimated that agricultural production should be improved by 70–100% to meet global food demand in the future [1]. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has estimated that approximately one-third of the food produced globally for human consumption is lost or wasted, representing a significant loss of the resources spent making, processing and transporting food and a threat to food security [3]. Competition between humans and animals for grains (corns, wheat, bean and others) is increasing. The sharp increase in the processed foods will make industrial by-products and co-products more available. The sharp increase in the processed foods will make indust2roiaf l19 by-products and co-products more available. Systems of feedstuff manufacture from wastes make a vertical, mutually complemented synthesis of animal production feasible anvderrteicsaoll,vme uthtue aplrlyobcloemmpolef mweanstedansydnetnhveisriosnomf aennitmalapl oplrloudtiuocnt.ioMnofreeaosvibelre, tahnedurteilsiozlavteiotnhe ofpnroebwletmypoicfawl aasgtreoa-inndduenstvriyrobnym-pernotdaul pctoslluiktieofnr.uMit oarnedovveerg, ethtaebuletilbiyza-ptiroondoufctnseaws tfyepedicsal wahgicroh-sinudpupsotrrtys bsuys-ptariondaubcletsdleikveelforupmit eantdinvefgeetdasbtlueffbsy. Note: DM: Dry matter; CP: Crude protein; NDF: Neutral detergent fiber; ADF: Acid detergent fiber; CF: Crude fiber; EE: Ether extract; a: Based on DM
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