Abstract
The effects of hydrocarbons sorption on sand and saponins presence in the system on butylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene biological degradation was investigated. Additionally, the impact of saponins-containing plant extracts on environmental microorganisms was studied. Results of cell surface property measurements in samples with saponins only revealed changes in cell surface hydrophobicity, electrokinetic potential and membrane permeability when compared to corresponding values for glucose-grown microbes. Subsequently, in sorption experiments, the hydrocarbon adsorption kinetics in bacteria-free samples were better explained with the pseudo-second order kinetic model as compared to the pseudo-first order and intraparticular diffusion models. Moreover, the equilibrium data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm for both benzene derivatives. In the samples combining hydrocarbons sorption and biological degradation in the presence of saponins, alkane-substituted hydrocarbons removal was accelerated from 40% to 90% after 14 days and the best surfactant in this aspect was S. officinalis extract.
Highlights
Despite growing awareness of societal and legal regulations and the use of innovative techniques in industry and transport, environmental contamination with toxic chemical compounds still occurs [1,2].A number of remediation techniques have been developed for the treatment of contaminated sites, including physicochemical and biological methods [3,4,5,6]
This paper examines the influence of solid matrix and plant extract containing saponins on biodegradation of butylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene
According to the results presented in Section 2.2., the addition of plant extract revealed the saponins from S. officinalis were more effective; in the this could be partially attributed to hydrocarbons adsorption on sand particles, resulting their sample without the addition of sand, biodegradation of TB was 40% after 7 days, it removal from the culture medium, and in a decrease in bioavailability
Summary
A number of remediation techniques have been developed for the treatment of contaminated sites, including physicochemical and biological methods [3,4,5,6]. The latter have attracted considerable attention, due to relatively low costs and negligible interference with the ecosystem [7]. Among various parameters which influence the biodegradation of hydrocarbons in soil, the problems of sorption and desorption of a chemical compound on solid particles of a matrix cannot be ignored. Strong binding of hydrocarbon molecules to the soil changes its properties
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