Button Cystostomy: Is it Really a Safe and Effective Therapeutic Option in Pediatric Patients With Neurogenic Bladder?

Abstract

To define safety and effectiveness of cystostomy button in the management of bladder drainage in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder, and report our personalized surgical technique. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing cystostomy button placement for bladder drainage from October 2009 to December 2015. Endoscopic and open surgical techniques and medium-term complication were analyzed and indications were recorded. Thirty-five patients, 16 (45.7%) females and 19 (54.3%) males, underwent cystostomy button placement for bladder drainage with a mean age of 8.6 ± 4.8 years (standard deviation) and a mean follow-up time of 37 months. There were 91.4% of patients who had a neurogenic bladder; a nonobstructive urinary retention was diagnosed in the remainder of cases. A medium-term complication was mostly represented by urinary tract infection observed in 10 of 35 patients that was the most representative cause of button removal (4 of 35). Other observed complications were button leakage (n = 2), decubitus (n = 1), and bladder stone (n = 1). No postoperative complication was observed and no differences were found in terms of complications in the two surgical approaches performed. Cystostomy button is a safe and effective treatment for bladder drainage in neurogenic pediatric patients and it is also well accepted by patients and caregivers. Cystostomy button, which may avoid mechanical concerns and most of the social discomfort, should be considered an alternative method to other bladder drainage modalities.