Business Models for the Internet of Services: State of the Art and Research Agenda

Jacqueline Zonichenn Reis,Nikolai Kazantsev,Marcia Terra Da Silva,Rodrigo Franco Gonçalves

doi:10.3390/fi14030074

Jacqueline Zonichenn Reis, Nikolai Kazantsev + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14030074

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Abstract

The relevance of the Internet of Services (IoS) comes from the global reach of the Internet into everyone’s home and daily activities and from the move from a manufacturing-based economy to a service-based economy. The IoS is seen as a new ecosystem where service providers and consumers explore their business networks for service provision and consumption. The scientific literature refers to IoS as an important cornerstone for Industry 4.0 and Future Internet; thus, it becomes relevant to study how IoS interacts with business models. Nevertheless, there is a lack of clarity on such an intersection. Moreover, a systematic review of IoS-based business models is still missing. This paper aims to make a systematic review of IoS-based business models and their application fields. We included studies from Scopus and Web of Science databases, we excluded duplicated papers and short conference versions of the later full paper journal publications. Twenty-three different studies are presented, categorized in the sub-areas of IoS, and then by the fields of applications. The main finding highlights the opportunities of IoS applications in different fields, offering directions for future research on this new arena.

Highlights

Academic Editors: Carlos Filipe DaWhile the technological advances in the more recent past have opened up a range of new business opportunities [1], both enterprises and software vendors have struggled with the fact that the ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) systems, mostly acquired for more extended periods of time, are exposed to disruptive innovative technologies which have to be rapidly introduced in order for companies to remain competitive in the market [2]
We propose a taxonomy of categories that classify the Internet of Services (IoS) in four sub-areas, namely, infrastructure, service operation, business applications, and social applications
The IoS is seen as a new ecosystem where service providers and consumers explore their business networks for service provision and consumption

Summary

Introduction

Academic Editors: Carlos Filipe Da. While the technological advances in the more recent past have opened up a range of new business opportunities [1], both enterprises and software vendors have struggled with the fact that the ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) systems, mostly acquired for more extended periods of time, are exposed to disruptive innovative technologies which have to be rapidly introduced in order for companies to remain competitive in the market [2]. New software and services are being developed at an impressive speed and deployed on the Internet, along with virtualized services that connect real-world physical resources. Services from multiple networks converge into a complex ecosystem called the Internet of Services (IoS) [4]. Through the IoS, the cross-organizational services are offered and used by the value chain participants [7]

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