Abstract
Some applications, including disaster monitoring and recovery networks, use low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN). LPWAN sensors capture data bits and transmit them to public carrier networks (e.g., cellular networks) via dedicated gateways. One of the challenges encountered in disaster management scenarios revolves around the carry/forward sensed data and geographical location information dissemination to the disaster relief operatives (disaster relief agency; DRA) to identify, characterise, and prioritise the affected areas. There are network topology options to reach its destination, including cellular, circuit switched, and peer-to-peer networks. In the context of natural disaster prediction, it is vital to access geographical location data as well as the timestamp. This paper proposes the usage of Pseudo A Number (PAN), that is, the calling party address, which is used by every network to include the location information instead of the actual calling party address of the gateway in LPWAN. This PAN information can be further analysed by the DRA to identify the affected areas and predict the complications of the disaster impacts in addition to the past history of damages. This paper aims to propose a solution that can predict disaster proceedings based on propagation and the velocity of impact using vector calculation of the location data and the timestamp, which are transmitted by sensors through the PAN of the gateway in LPWAN.
Highlights
The need for disaster monitoring and recovery mechanisms has arisen as long as natural disasters and their adverse effects have been known to humankind
This paper proposes the usage of Pseudo A Number (PAN), that is, the calling party address, which is used by every network to include the location information instead of the actual calling party address of the gateway in low-power wide-area network (LPWAN)
This paper aims to propose a solution that can predict disaster proceedings based on propagation and the velocity of impact using vector calculation of the location data and the timestamp, which are transmitted by sensors through the PAN of the gateway in LPWAN
Summary
The need for disaster monitoring and recovery mechanisms has arisen as long as natural disasters and their adverse effects have been known to humankind. As the internet is emerging with prevalent technologies such as big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), and 5G cellular networks, it is feasible to provide low-cost networks that cover a wide area such as long-range (LoRa) networks as a type of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) [4,5]. These technologies allow sensors to be deployed and managed with a low-power (e.g., 25 mW), wide-area client and up to a 25-km test link for the operating areas for sensor networks [6]. Through self-communications amongst devices such as machine-to-machine (M2M) interfaces and Technologies 2017, 5, 65; doi:10.3390/technologies5040065 www.mdpi.com/journal/technologies
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