Abstract
Objetivo:to identify and compare burnout levels between Portuguese, Spanish and Brazilian nurses.Method:quantitative, descriptive, correlational, comparative and cross-sectional study conducted using a sample of 1,052 nurses working in hospitals and primary care centers. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to nurses in Porto, Portugal (n=306), Oviedo, Spain (n=269) and S. Paulo, Brazil (n=477). Data analysis was performed using descriptive, inferential and multivariate analysis.Results:approximately 42% of the nurses showed moderate/high levels of burnout, with no differences found between countries (Portugal and Brazil 42%, Spain 43%). Only depersonalization showed differences between countries, presenting Spain the highest level and Portugal the lowest one. Comparative analysis showed higher burnout levels in young nurses and those working by shifts. Considering job schedules, burnout was associated to shift work in Portugal, while in Spain and Brazil it was associated with fixed schedules.Conclusion:these results suggest that this syndrome among nurses is a global phenomenon. The daily stressors and higher demands of the nursing profession are crucial in the preparation of nurses to deal with complex situations, to avoid burnout, and to reduce the negative impact on nurses’ health and on the quality of care they provide.
Highlights
Since the 1970s, mostly from the studies developed in 1974 and 1976(1-2), burnout syndrome is recognized as a serious professional hazard
In line with recommendations in 2018(13) report stresses that mental health at the workplace and healthy workplaces are an increasing concern and burnout syndrome, in particular, seems to gain epidemic proportions[14]
The total score of the instrument was used to calculate burnout levels considering the inverted items of Personal Achievement and all scores were calculated considering the average of all related items
Summary
Since the 1970s, mostly from the studies developed in 1974 and 1976(1-2), burnout syndrome is recognized as a serious professional hazard. This syndrome has become more prevalent[3,4,5] and in May 2019 was recognized it as an occupational phenomenon[6] It is considered a public health problem due its related consequences and has triggered considerable interest and concern in the scientific community and organizations[3,7,8,9,10]. In line with recommendations in 2018(13) report stresses that mental health at the workplace and healthy workplaces are an increasing concern and burnout syndrome, in particular, seems to gain epidemic proportions[14]. This syndrome is a psychological disorder triggered by chronic exposure to work stress. Authors[16,17] demonstrated that it occurs among professionals working with other persons, especially as care providers and over the years these professionals are more likely to be affected by persons’ demands
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