Burning solid fuel in the low-temperature fluidized bed with determining toxic emissions

Abstract

In conditions of the unstable economic situation and constant rise in prices of natural gas for utility enterprises in Ukraine, transition to local low-quality fuels is topical. A promising method of burning low-quality high-ash and low-calorie fuels with low level of toxic substances is burning in the low-temperature fluidized bed. Technology for burning low-quality fuel in the low-temperature fluidized bed furnace is environmentally attractive and can allow enterprises to switch to cheaper local solid fuels. However, burning is a complex technological process, which requires additional researches. Burning in the low-temperature fluidized bed differs from the traditional burning of fuel by increased energy efficiency of the fuel use, low pollutant emissions. The results of the experiments, conducted on the developed laboratory setup, on burning various low-quality solid fuels such as brown coal, peat, pellets, coal of rank (D), and anthracite culm in the low-temperature fluidized bed are given in the work. A number of experiments, which allowed to obtain the ranges of burning the above solid fuels in the fluidized bed is provided, the critical temperatures, at which it is necessary to add more fuel to the fluidized bed furnace are defined in the paper. Also, toxic emissions when burning these solid fuels in the fluidized bed are determined. The obtained results can be used to configure automatic equipment, regulating the operation of fluidized bed furnaces, working on low-quality fuels, reconstruct and modernize the existing boilers for their transition to the low-quality fuels with reduced pollutant emissions.