Abstract
We report the first case of community-acquired bacteremia with Burkholderia fungorum, a newly described member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. A 9-year-old girl sought treatment with septic arthritis in her right knee and ankle with soft tissue involvement. Commercial identification systems did not identify the causative microorganism.
Highlights
The genus Burkholderia contains >30 species, of which Burkholderia pseudomallei, B. mallei, and members of the B. cepacia complex are the most well known
To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first description of bacteremia and invasive infection due to B. fungorum
The name B. fungorum was recently proposed for a group of 9 B. cepacia–like isolates recovered from the environment and human and animal clinical samples [1]
Summary
Because osteomyelitis with soft tissue involvement was suspected, she was empirically treated with intravenous cefuroxime (800 mg 3x/day), which was continued when the blood cultures became positive with gram-negative rods (on the fourth day of admission). Because the cultured gram-negative rod was susceptible to cefuroxime in vitro, antimicrobial treatment was not changed. The gram-negative rods in blood cultures, obtained before and during cefuroxime treatment, were reported to be B. fungorum. The obtained DNA sequence was compared to the public DNA databases by using the BLAST interface (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) [5] and proved to be 100% identical to previously reported B. fungorum sequences To confirm this molecular identification, cellular protein and fatty acid analyses were performed.
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