Abstract
Ten years (and one Nobel Prize) after Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer invented it, the scanning tunnelling microscope's potential for atomic- and molecular-scale imaging of surface structure, coupled with its ability to map the topography of objects with lateral dimensions in the tens of μm range, is being exploited in a diverse array of research disciplines. Surface science (defect analysis, nucleation and growth processes, chemical reactivity and adsorption), biological (biomolecular structures, binding of pharmaceutical drugs to DNA and protein molecules) and technological applications (friction studies at an atomic level, nano-machining) are just a few of the areas where the STM is proving itself an invaluable research tool.
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