Burden of multiple sclerosis in Iran from 1990 to 2017

Nima Fattahi,Sahar Mohammadi Fateh,Negar Rezaei,Farshad Farzadfar,Masoud Masinaei,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Ali H Mokdad,Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,Mohammad Ali Sahraian,Farnam Mohebi,Elham Soleymani Hassanlouei,Mohsen Naghavi,Eghbal Fattahi,Farhad Manoochehri

doi:10.1186/s12883-021-02431-1

Abstract

BackgroundMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is a burdensome, chronic and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. We aimed to report the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of MS in Iran at a national level for different age and sex groups over a period of 28 years (1990–2017).MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) from 1990 to 2017, published by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. The incidence of DALYs and prevalence of MS were estimated to report the burden of MS based on sex and age in Iran from 1990 to 2017.ResultsAt the national level, the Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASIR), Age-Standardized Prevalence Rate (ASPR), Age-Standardized DALYs Rate (ASDR) and the Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) in Iran in 2017 were 2.4 (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 2.1 to 2.7), 69.5 (62.1 to 77.8), 29.1 (23.6 to 34.7), and 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) per 100,000 population, respectively. During the period of 1990 to 2017, all measures increased, and were higher among females. The incidence rate began upward trend at the age of 20 and attained its highest level at the age of 25.ConclusionIn Iran, all of the age-standardized MS rates have been increasing during the 28 years from 1990 to 2017. Our findings can help policy makers and health planners to design and communicate their plans and to have a better resource allocation, depending on the incidence and prevalence of the growing numbers of MS patients in Iran.

Highlights

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a burdensome, chronic and autoimmune disease of the central nervous sys‐ tem
Rates are expressed as age-standardized based on the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) reference population [17]. 95% Uncertainty Intervals [18] were calculated with the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of 1000 draws by age, sex, location, and year, and point estimates were calculated from the median estimates across the draws for each measure
The age trend of the disease had been shown in the 1990s, 2000s, 2010 and 2017, and followed a similar pattern throughout all these years

Summary

Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a burdensome, chronic and autoimmune disease of the central nervous sys‐ tem. We aimed to report the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of MS in Iran at a national level for different age and sex groups over a period of 28 years (1990–2017). Since MS does not lead to quick deaths, reporting other measures in addition to the incidence and prevalence can help better measure the burden of the disease [10]. In this regard, the Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) is used as one of the most applicable measures for evaluating community health. 1.6% of all reported neurological diseases’ DALYs were MS related [6]

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