Abstract
Infections related to health care are a public health problem, given the repercussions of the event to the morbidity and mortality of the population and having health spending. Pneumonia Associated to Mechanical Ventilation has the incidence of 8.1% to 57.1% in neonates and 23% in children. This study is an integrative literature review aimed to check the scientific production concerning the use of bundle guidelines to reduce of PAV in children and newborns in intensive care units and analyze the results of these research. For data collection, the keyword bundle, and the descriptors infant, newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated and Child(ren) for online search in databases: PUBMED, SCOPUS, LILACS and CINHAL. The initial result of the search was 891 articles and after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the sample resulted in nine articles. This study points out that in general VAP prevention measures found in bundles were effective in reducing PAV rates in neonates and pediatric patients. However, there are still differences in the development of some interventions, especially for newborns. It is necessary to develop other studies, including the better level of evidence to address the use of bundle for PAV prevention of these population, considered more vulnerable to incidents related to health care.
Highlights
Infections associated with Healthcare (IRAS) is currently a public health problem, given the repercussions of the event to the morbidity and mortality of the population and the health expenditures [1]
Hand hygiene of professionals; aspiration of the oral cavity There was a slight reduction of Pneumonia Associated to Mechanical Ventilation (PAV) compared periodically; use of two sterile swabs to the friction of the to the control group using sterile distilled water mouth and lips with breast milk; every 4 hours a day until for oral hygiene
There was no statisthe end of the mechanical ventilation tical significance
Summary
Infections associated with Healthcare (IRAS) is currently a public health problem, given the repercussions of the event to the morbidity and mortality of the population and the health expenditures [1]. As an example of this problem, the Pneumonia Associated to Mechanical Ventilation (PAV) shows up as the second most common nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units [1], with an incidence of 8.1% to 57.1%. In neonates, it can be associated with the following risk factors: endotracheal reintubation, enteral nutrition, low birth weight and prematurity. It can be associated with the following risk factors: endotracheal reintubation, enteral nutrition, low birth weight and prematurity In pediatric patients, it can be associated with endotracheal reintubation, use of the immunosuppressant drug and previous use of antibiotics [3,4]. The most common microorganisms isolated in PAV in neonatal units are Pseudomonas aeruginosin; Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli [5]
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