Bulwarking Cooperative Spectrum Sensing via Particle Swarm Optimization in Cognitive Radio Networks in the Presence of Malicious Users

Abstract

In cognitive radio network (CRN) secondary users (Sus) opportunistically utilized primary user (PU) channel with minimum interference. The fading and shadowing effects lead to poor sensing performance for individual SU. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is the best mechanism for SUs to collect accurate information of the PU. In addition, CSS overcome fading, shadowing, and hidden terminal effects that lead to a high reduction in sensing performance. However, the existence of malicious users (MUs) in CSS severely reduced system performance by sending falsified data to the fusion center (FC). The proposed work focuses on particle swarm optimization (PSO) to safeguard the CSS from the bad effect of the MUs. The work in this paper is evaluated for various types of MU attacks. Simulation outcomes show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.