Abstract
The use of optical second-harmonic generation as a surface probe for noncentrosymmetric media is demonstrated. By exploiting the difference in bulk and surface symmetry of a GaAs(001) crystal, separate determination of bulk and surface nonlinear optics responses is possible if suitable polarization directions are selected and sub-bandgap excitation is used. The detection scheme makes use of the interference between bulk and surface SH electric fields, and provides both amplitude and phase information.
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