Abstract
Summary The attenuation mechanisms affecting compressional- and shear-wave propagation at reservoir pressures were studied using a suite of overpressured siliciclastic rocks. A strong link was observed between the petrophysical characteristics of the material, the effective pressure and the wave attenuation mechanism. The pattern of seismic wave attenuation was interpreted in terms of different pore geometries and the existence of both macro- and micro-porosity. The results suggest that at differential pressures lower than 20 MPa, squirt flow is a very active attenuation mechanism, whereas at differential pressures higher than 20 MPa Biot flow predominates. The closure of microcracks of different aspect ratios at different pressures is considered responsible for changes in fluid flow patterns and paths, and hence the change in the predominant fluid-flow-related attenuation mechanism. The attenuation of shear- and compressional-waves gives an indication of the variations in porosity and permeability and such results can be used for time-lapse reservoir monitoring.
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