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Abstract
BackgroundPhysical activity is likely to be determined as a complex interplay between personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Studying the built environment involves expanding the focus from the individual perspective to a public health one. Therefore, the objetive of this study was to examine the association between the built environment and objectively-measured physical activity among youth.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of data from of a Brazilian birth cohort during adolescence. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers (GENEActiv) and self-report (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, long version). Participants’ home addresses were geocoded and built environment characteristics such as streets’ pattern and quality, and public open spaces attributes for physical activity practice were evaluated in a 500-m circular buffer surrounding their homes.ResultsA total of 3379 participants were included. Street lighting (β = 2.2; 95%CI: 0.5; 3.9) was positively associated with objectively-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and proportion of paved streets and buffer’s average family income were associated with lower MVPA. Living near the beach increased the odds of leisure-time MVPA practice by 3.3 (95%CI: 1.37; 8.02) times. There was a built environment-by-socioeconomic status (SES) interaction for the associations with commuting physical activity; street lighting [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.47] and presence of cycle lanes (OR = 1.77; 95%CI: 1.05; 2.96) were positively associated with commuting physical activity only among the intermediate SES tertile.ConclusionBeachfront, street lighting, paved streets and cycle lanes were associated with physical activity patterns. This suggests that infrastructure interventions may influence physical activity levels of Brazilian adolescents.
Highlights
Physical activity is likely to be determined as a complex interplay between personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors
The ecological model adapted for this behaviour assumes physical activity as a consequence of different factors organized in multiple levels of influence [3]
Issues with address information and incompatibilities in the street network were responsible for 330 missing data (8.1% of those eligible)
Summary
Physical activity is likely to be determined as a complex interplay between personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Studying the built environment involves expanding the focus from the individual perspective to a public health one. The objetive of this study was to examine the association between the built environment and objectively-measured physical activity among youth. Physical activity is likely to be determined as a complex interplay between personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors, operating differentially in the main activity domains. Research on the association between environmental factors and youth physical activity has increased in recent years. Studying this association involves expanding the focus from the individual perspective to a whole-societal perspective, in which people and places influence behaviours such as physical activity [7]. Built environment characteristics can be assessed subjectively, according to the participant’s perception, and objectively, by either direct observation or through Geographic Information System (GIS) [8, 9], the latter provides a framework to use available information that has some spatial reference
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