Abstract
The development of a sacrificial bond provided unique inspiration for the design of advanced elastomers with excellent mechanical properties, but it is still a huge challenge to construct a homogenous polar sacrificial network in a nonpolar elastomer. In this effort, we proposed a novel strategy to engineer a multi-ionic network into a covalently cross-linked 1,2-polybutadiene (1,2-PB) facilitated by in-situ intercalated organic montmorillonite (OMMT) without phase separation. XRD, SEM, and TEM analysis were carried out to characterize the microstructure of the resulting polymers. Crosslinking density, dielectric performance, and cyclic tensile tests were used to demonstrate the interaction of zinc methacrylate (ZDMA) and OMMT. The dynamic nature of ionic bonds allowed it to rupture and reform to dissipate energy efficiently. Stretching orientation brought parallelism between polymer chains and OMMT layers which was beneficial for the reconstruction of the ionic network, ultimately resulting in high strength and a low stress relaxation rate. Overall, our work presented the design of a uniform and strong sacrificial network in the nano-clay/elastomer nanocomposite with outstanding mechanical performances under both static and dynamic conditions.
Highlights
The nacreous layer in biological materials—byssus in mollusks and bones in mammals—provide a paradigm for a stiff, strong, and at the same time tough protective engineering [1,2]
We suspected that the high crosslinking density restricted the movement of ph-NC/ZDMA40 showed a peak of loss modulus at around −10 °C, while that of the primary network which would relax at a relatively high temperature
The tensile strength and tear strength of in-situ-NC/ZMDAs were obviously higher than strength and low stress relaxation rate which was reinforced by a multi-ionic supramolecular that of ph-NC/ZDMA40 on account of the ionic crosslinks formed between the exfoliated organic montmorillonite (OMMT) and network including OMMT-polymer ionic crosslink, inter-chain, or intra-chain ionic crosslink as well the -(COO)2 Zn groups
Summary
The nacreous layer in biological materials—byssus in mollusks and bones in mammals—provide a paradigm for a stiff, strong, and at the same time tough protective engineering [1,2]. Sacrificial bonds include irreversible associations, mainly covalent bonds [10] and reversible associations such as hydrogen bonds [11,12,13,14], metal–ligand coordinated interactions [15,16,17,18], ionic interactions [19,20], electrostatic interactions [21,22], hydrophobic associations [23], and π–π stacking [24,25]. OMMT/1,2-PB nanocomposite (in-situ-NC) to reinforce the covalently cross-linked elastomer by the interaction of ionic bond and nano-clay. The OMMT layers mostly exfoliated by in-situ polymerization served as bricks and the ionic bonds which could rupture before covalent bond acted as mortar to enhance the strength of the resulting polymer. As expected, such reinforcing engineering brought excellent properties to 1,2-PB
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