Abstract
The Smart Cities data and applications need to replicate, as faithfully as possible, the state of the city and to simulate possible alternative futures. In order to do this, the modelling of the city should cover all aspects of the city that are relevant to the problems that require smart solutions. In this context, 2D and 3D spatial data play a key role, in particular 3D city models. One of the methods for collecting data that can be used for developing such 3D city models is Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a technology that has provided opportunities to generate large-scale 3D city models at relatively low cost. The collected data is further processed to obtain fully developed photorealistic virtual 3D city models. The goal of this research is to develop virtual 3D city model based on airborne LiDAR surveying and to analyze its applicability toward Smart Cities applications. It this paper, we present workflow that goes from data collection by LiDAR, through extract, transform, load (ETL) transformations and data processing to developing 3D virtual city model and finally discuss its future potential usage scenarios in various fields of application such as modern ICT-based urban planning and 3D cadaster. The results are presented on the case study of campus area of the University of Novi Sad.
Highlights
The concept of Smart City integrates information and communication technology (ICT) and various physical devices and sensors connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) network to optimize the efficiency of city services and better connect to citizens [1]
There are several steps that need to be taken in order to fully transform CAD format such as DGN or DXF to industry foundation classes (IFC) or geography markup language (GML) format
Using proposed ETL Transformation 1 it is possible to create model according to CityGML standard almost automated, because it skips the step of manually processing in a Building Information Modeling (BIM) tool
Summary
The concept of Smart City integrates information and communication technology (ICT) and various physical devices and sensors connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) network to optimize the efficiency of city services and better connect to citizens [1]. Technology that relates to Smart City allows city officials to interact with community and city infrastructure and to monitor what is happening in the city, how the city is evolving, and what actions are needed to improve the quality of city services. There are many Smart City applications developed for the purpose to model and manage urban flows and to allow the near real-time responses to challenges. One thing is for certain and that is that Smart Cities involve the use of modern ICT technologies in all of the areas of application
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