Abstract
In response to the climate change, hydrologic and environmental changes and increased uncertainties, implication of water resilience in a context of water governance is essential for improved management. This study aims to answer the following questions: 1) what are different types of resilience with regard to its several definitions, 2) what is the relationship between resilience, trend and performance in water governance. This research applied literature reviews (as theoretical approach) and interviews with local water managers (as experimental approach) to develop better resilient plan under extreme events. This study compared the results of reviewed articles with results that we obtained from interviews with water managers in a case study area in order to develop a resilience planning under extreme events. The research has analyzed the resilience for water management based on theoretical and empirical knowledge and also provided some helpful recommendations for building system resilience for the future. The analysis of the findings shows that sufficient resilience in each society depends considerably on water resources planning (implied by the government) and also resilience in water supply infrastructure (designed by engineers). In addition, in order to get a high level of resilience, integration of ecological knowledge, water supplies, government’s regulation/legislation, engineering projects and humans’ interaction, is necessary. Moreover, the results indicate that failures and hydrologic catastrophes are mainly as a result of big gaps between these elements and also a lack of integrated approach between water-institutions and the environment in water management.
Highlights
Within the past decades, resilience has played a significant role in global environmental research
This paper focused on the resilience which can be developed by appropriate water organization or governance
In the description of resilience, especially in water systems, it is important to understand two main aspects in the resilience: 1) the capability of the system to return to normal situation or the capability of the system to adapt in reaction to changes or turbulences
Summary
Resilience has played a significant role in global environmental research. Because resilience focuses on complexity of management, occurrences and alterations across various scales, and the challenges in social-ecological systems globally. In regard to increasing complexity of system dynamics in a human-domain planet, or what is mentioned as the anthropogenic environmental changes, the governance is moving from organization of. Some aspects of resilience such as flexibility, interconnectedness, or social learning are still not sufficiently analyzed in terms of particular design, planning or authority practices in different circumstances and areas (Javadinejad et al 2019a). Resilience considerations should be recognized as political and historical aspects in the resilience planning and strategy (Meerow et al 2016). Resilience planning contains complicated realities of environmental alteration and resource governance in particular contexts (Francis and Bekera 2014)
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