Abstract
Climate change is having an increasing effect on human society and ecosystems. The United Nations has established 17 sustainable development goals, one of which is to cope with climate change. How to scientifically explore uncertainties and hazards brought about by climate change in the future is crucial. The new Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has proposed shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) to project climate change scenarios. SSP has been analyzed globally, but how regions and nations respond to the global climate change and mitigation policies is seldom explored, which do not meet the demand for regional environmental assessment and social sustainable development. Therefore, in this paper, we reviewed and discussed how SSPs were applied to regions, and this can be summarized into four main categories: (1) integrated assessment model (IAM) scenario analysis, (2) SSPs-RCPs-SPAs framework scenario analysis, (3) downscaling global impact assessment model, and (4) regional impact assessment model simulation. The study provides alternative ways to project land use, water resource, energy, and ecosystem service in regions, which can carry out related policies and actions to address climate change in advance and help achieve sustainable development.
Highlights
To improve human conditions and develop a sustainable blueprint for the future, the United Nations proposed 17 sustainable development goals, including implementing urgent measures to address climate change and its impacts [1]
Global warming affects every country and region, resulting in heavy losses to regional development; strengthening regional resilience to climate uncertainties and threats is key to responding to climate change and regional sustainable development [2,3]
The Paris Agreement has set a temperature goal where the global average temperature would increase to well below 2 ◦C and tries to limit this increase to 1.5 ◦C above pre-industrial levels [4], which is a positive response to climate change
Summary
The Paris Agreement has set a temperature goal where the global average temperature would increase to well below 2 ◦C and tries to limit this increase to 1.5 ◦C above pre-industrial levels [4], which is a positive response to climate change. The previous SA90, SRES [7] and other scenarios have only considered temperature, precipitation, and energy structure [8], which do not completely reflect the greenhouse gas concentration target set by the UNFCC nor the impact of social factors in global warming [9]. Adaptation, and mitigation, considering the 1.5–2 ◦C global temperature goal and social economic factors, the IPCC has identified five shared socioeconomic pathways about social sustainable development scenarios in the future [10]
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