Building Energy Performance with Site-Based Airflow Characteristics in Naturally Ventilated Conditions in Low-Income Tenement Housing of Mumbai

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the association of building energy consumption with the site-based airflow characteristics in three different spatial configurations of buildings in low-income tenement housing, with the form factor and compactness ratio of the buildings remaining constant. Energy simulations were performed for each of the building layout types, and site-based airflow characteristics were calculated using steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations with standard k–e turbulence model on hexahedral computational grids. Simulation validation was performed using data acquired through an environmental sensor. Results show that the layout of the building had no impact on the annual building energy consumption. However, the variation of the plan did vary the air exchange rates through wind-driven natural ventilation, glazing health gain and the operative temperature. It indicates a probable difference of thermal comfort ranges with the change in the layout of these low-income tenement houses. Future work lies in quantifying these factors regarding energy conservation measures and prepares a guideline for urban renewal and rejuvenation of this low-income neighbourhood.