Abstract
This paper aims to find the microclimate aspect within the building form and configuration of five low-cost apartments (henceforth rusun) in Bandung, Indonesia. There are parallel, square, and interspersed plots investigated with specific discussion on the microclimate aspects that gain human perception of outdoor thermal comfort. The microclimate prognostic model, i.e., ENVI-met, was used to determine the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), which was then used to describe the living quality of outdoor thermal comfort, i.e., PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) in a hot-humid climate context. A parallel plot with building orientation toward north-south was found as the most beneficial building form and configuration. Somehow, the parallel plot toward the west-east orientation did not provide similar performance. Nevertheless, the square plot provided uncomfortable perception as there was an absence of building shade within the wide open space and ground cover to absorb the insolation. The interspersed plot can be considered for the building configuration because it generates more wind among other plots. The building form and configuration of rusun with passive design seems to not be able to achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The highest PET value of Model D with the square plot had PET = 41 °C (hot) while the lowest PET in Model A with the parallel plot (N-S) had PET = 34.2 °C (slightly warm).
Highlights
The handling of densely populated settlements has become a concern of the government since
Local governments with a population of more than 10,000 persons/ha are obliged to provide land to build rusun with incentives from the ministry of Public Works and Housing.). This program is aimed at revitalizing overcrowded areas, especially in cities with population densities of more than 10,000 people/km2
It is most likely that the program will carry on in the following years and shows the importance of rusun’s existence
Summary
The handling of densely populated settlements has become a concern of the government since. 2007 when it launched the 1000 Towers program, the affordable flats, or rusun Local governments with a population of more than 10,000 persons/ha are obliged to provide land to build rusun with incentives from the ministry of Public Works and Housing.). This program is aimed at revitalizing overcrowded areas, especially in cities with population densities of more than 10,000 people/km. According to the Ministry of PUPR, the target for 2019, 500 units of rusun, will be completed in Indonesia from 2015–2019, backlog is still around 0.8% [1]. The presence of rusun is shaping the country’s image but is having a significant influence on the urban living quality
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