Abstract
In procuring a CT scanner for orthopaedic imaging, the ability of the scanner to cope with metal artefacts for visualising bone and bone lesions around orthopaedic implants is an important feature. A durable and easily transportable CT phantom would help to compare this feature between CT scanners.The aims of this study were to develop a CT phantom that is easy to build, easily transportable, stable over time, cheap and challenging CT scanner performance. A CT phantom resembling a femur and tibia with a total knee replacement was constructed from spare components of a knee replacement, wall filler and polystyrene. A number of plastic strips and cylinders were placed between metal implant and bone substitute during construction to act as "bone lesions". The phantom was fixed in a watertight acrylic box with epoxy resin. The total manufacturing time was below 3 h staggered over several days and the total cost was below £50. When empty, the phantom is easily transportable. The box can be filled with water on site visits ensuring a reproducible attenuation. This phantom is stable (i.e. not affected by decay of biological tissue). The phantom was easy to construct and is well transportable and stable in time. The phantom can be used in a procurement process allowing direct comparison of different scanners regarding technical factors and software performance. It can further be used for quality assurance, scan parameter optimisation and research. We conclude that a simple and transportable CT phantom can be built using few resources that allows to compare CT scanners with respect to their ability to visualise bone lesions around metal implants. It is possible to build a CT knee replacement phantom in a few hours and for less than £50. Other than the total knee implant, this CT phantom can be built with material available from any DIY store and simple tools. This CT phantoms allows objective comparisons in CT procurement. This CT phantom allows objective assessment of imaging protocols for clinical practice.
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