Abstract
For a sustainable urban expressway development, it is necessary to conduct an EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) study. Expressway development and operation should, therefore, be planned with careful consideration of the environmental impacts. An assessment of an expressway project may include consideration of different routes as distinct alternatives. Thus, evaluating alternatives is an important step of environmental impact assessment. In this paper, some MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) models, were used for assessing alternatives in EIA in earlier studies, reviewed and a hybrid MCDM model proposed to tackle the dependency relations of evaluation criteria with aid of the fuzzy DEMATEL (decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) method. In next step, the fuzzy DEMATEL method combined with ANP (Analytic Network Process) method to weighting criteria for assessment of alternatives with aid of the fuzzy VIKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) method. Empirical study results illustrate the proposed model is a workable and reliable tool for evaluating alternatives of environmental impact assessment of urban expressway in order to make results much closer to reality.
Highlights
[46] employed hybrid multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model combining DEMATEL and ANP (DANP) with VIKOR in order to showing best selection to conduct the recycled materials for enhancing efficiency of using resources in the manufacturing process. [47] combined DEMATEL and ANP with VIKOR to improving strategies to reduce the gaps in customers satisfaction caused by interdependence and feedback problems among dimensions and criteria to achieve the aspiration level. [48] devoted themselves to clarify the interrelated relationships of brand marketing and find the problems or gaps and evaluated the situation to reduce the gaps in order to achieve the aspired levels and rank the priorities in brand marketing strategies by using a combination of DEMATEL, ANP and VIKOR
This study approach has three results based on three stages described in materials’ section and contains the following discussion: Results of step1: The experts’ judgments gathered and average of all assessments calculated the total-influential matrix and network relations map shown in Table 6 and Figure 4
Results of the fuzzy DEMATEL method based on ANP procedure were applied so the weights of criteria were calculated, and it is used in the fuzzy VIKOR method to find out optimum alternative
Summary
Many countries enact legislation on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) such as Australia (1974), Thailand (1975), France (1976), Philippines (1978), Italy (1986) and Pakistan (1992) [3]. EIA is a multi-step process by which a wide range of issues taken into account to determine whether and/or under which environmental constraints a project should be undertaken. The effectiveness of the EIA system is dependent on the specific steps involved in reviewing project proposals. The major steps in the EIA process (shown in Figure 1) are: 1) Screening; 2) Scoping; 3) Examination of alternatives; 4) Impact Analysis; 5) Mitigation and impact management; 6) Evaluation of significance; 7) EIS report; 8) Review of EIS [4]
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