Abstract
As a result of moves towards building a ‘single market’, a debate has arisen in Europe over the opportunity of instituting ‘generalized competition’ in the electricity sector by providing third party access to the network. A similar debate occurred in the USA during the 1980s, following the energy crisis. This paper attempts to explain why the Americans have until now refused to open-up networks, and, after slightly deregulating wholesale transactions, undertaken to develop a form of ‘regulated competition’ involving new actors at the generation stage, which is seemingly compatible with the traditional organization of the sector. The paper then briefly analyses the evolution of European systems over the period under review and suggests, in the light of the US experiment, that it would be worthwhile studying carefully the same competition pattern for Europe.
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